Words+and+phrases+that+indicate+a+concession,+a+contrast+or+contradiction+of+a+point+previously+stated


 * while ** - хотя; несмотря на то, что;


 * whereas ** // -  // тогда как; в то время как;


 * in contrast/by contrast/on the contrary ** // -  // наоборот; напротив;


 * however/nonetheless/nevertheless ** // -  // однако; тем не менее;


 * however ** - какбы...ни (союз, вводящий уступительное придаточное предложение);


 * yet/still ** // -  // темнеменее; однако; всёже; всё-таки;


 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">although/though - **<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;"> 1)хотя; 2) тем не менее, однако; всё же; всё-таки;


 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">despite the fact that... ** // <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">-  //<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;"> несмотря на тот факт, что...;


 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">in spite of something/despite something ** // <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">-  //<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;"> несмотря на;

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">Note: Compare // <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">notwithstanding //<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">, // <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">despite  //<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">, // <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">in spite of  //<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">. // <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">Notwithstanding //<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;"> is formal and the weakest of the three terms used to indicate opposition. // <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">In spite of //<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;"> is the strongest in this group.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">notwithstanding **<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;"> - несмотря на; вопреки;
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">all the same **<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;"> - всё же; всё-таки;


 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">be that as it may **<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;"> - как бы то ни было;


 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">instead (of this) **<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;"> - взамен; вместо этого;


 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">unlike smb or smth **<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;"> - в отличие от кого-либо или чего-либо;


 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">on the other hand **<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;"> - с другой стороны;


 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">rather than **<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;"> - ... а не ...;


 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">contrary to popular belief ** // <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">-  //<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;"> вопреки общеизвестному мнению;


 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">to express one’s sharp disagreement with/to strongly disapprove ** ** <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">of  **<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;"> - выражать полное несогласие/быть категорически против;


 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">to oppose (an idea/plan/matter etc) **<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;"> - выступать против/иметь возражения по... ;


 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">The most common argument against this is that... **<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;"> - Наиболее часто употребляемым аргументом против этого является ...;


 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">to put forward/present arguments against... **<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;"> - выдвигать/представлятьаргументыпротив...;


 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">a weak/strong/convincing/fundamental argument against... **<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;"> - слабый/веский/убедительный/основнойаргументпротив...;


 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">This argument does not hold water. **<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;"> - Этот аргумент не выдерживает никакой критики.

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">Eg: ** <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">While/Whereas **<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;"> some people condemn television as a negative influence on the overall mental development of children and their behavior, others praise it for its contribution to children’s education and upbringing. <span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">Eg: It is sometimes argued that many of the world’s problems would disappear if people everywhere spoke the same language. ** <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">By conrast/In contrast/On the contrary **<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">, many people regard the idea of an international language as foolish and impractical.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">The argument is not logically sound./This is not a sound argument/There are holes in the argument. **<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;"> (Выражения для описания нелогичного, непоследовательного аргумента.)

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">Eg: // <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">Arguments presented by // // <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">proponents/supporters of vegetarianism: **The argument** **is** sometimes **put forward** that man is not naturally a vegetarian.**While** such a claim may contain a grain of truth, it **however/nevertheless/nonetheless** ignores the obvious fact that there are many aspects of the original human condition that we have seen fit* to improve. (*to see/think fit to do smth - // // <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">считать  //// <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">нужным  //// <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">/целесообразным  //// <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">делать  //// <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">что  //// <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">-либо  //// <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">) Arguments presented by opponents of vegetarianism: Those who support vegetarianism insist/point out that such a course is both spiritually and physically beneficial.**However/Nonetheless/Nevertheless/Be that as it may,** there is no evidence that vegetarians are exceptionally healthy or less agressive only because they do not eat meat. // <span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">Eg: He is not the man for the job, ** <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">however **<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;"> enthusiastically he may be recommended. <span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">Eg: // <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">Arguments for (in favor of) and against small-town/countryside life: It is true that city-dwellers have access to certain facilities such as theatres, museums or funfairs that may be denied to the inhabitants of small towns or countryside. **Yet/Still** there are a number of disadvantages of living in a big city. The main point here is that people are exposed to a lot of stress because of the hustle and bustle of big-city life // <span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">Eg: I believe that we should not spend so much of our limited national budget on space exploration. ** <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">Instead **<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">, we should spend more on improving essential social programs. <span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">Eg: // <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">Arguments presented by // // <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">opponents of the view that live theater is dying: Of course the theater has suffered from competition that takes advantage of modern technology.**All the same**, there is a qualitative difference in being present at an actual performance which, **though** it may be a luxury, will never be replaced by second-hand audience participation. // <span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">Eg: ** <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">Unlike **<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;"> his predecessor, the new program coordinator has an ability to manage multiple priorities quickly and effectively. <span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">Eg: ** <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">Contrary to popular belief **<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">, I hold the opinion that television helps stimulate ** <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">rather than  **<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;"> destroy communication among family and friends. Television viewing is often an activity that people do together, discussing the various programs they watch. <span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">Eg: // <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">Arguments against cars as means of transportation //<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">: Their tremendous advantage for transportation ** <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">notwithstanding  **<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">, cars simply cause too much pollution. Secondly, the production and operation of cars waste a huge portion of the earth’s natural resources. Thus, it is critical that we spend money on improving public transportation - or even offering free public transportation! - so that people will prefer riding subways, buses, commuter trains, etc., to traveling in their cars. <span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">Вы заметили, что многие из этих слов и выражений имеют одинаковые значения. Просмотрите нижеследующие варианты: <span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">1) ** <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">Although/Though/ Even though **<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;"> he has undoubted talents, he is not the man for the job.

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">2) ** <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">Despite/In spite of/Notwithstanding **<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;"> (the last one is formal) his undoubted talents, he is not the man for the job.

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">3) He is not the man for the job, his undoubted talents ** <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">notwithstanding **<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">.

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">4) He has undoubted talents; ** <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">nevertheless/nonetheless/however/yet **<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;"> he is not the man for the job.